GA-Based Optimization for Multivariable Level Control System: A Case Study of Multi-Tank System

This paper presents a systematic way to determine the trade-off optimized controller tunings using computation optimization technique for both servo and regulatory controls of the Multi-Tank System, as one of the applications under the multivariable loop principle. The paper describes an improved way to obtain the best Proportional-Integral (PI) controller tunings in reducing the dependency on engineering knowledge, practical experiences and complex mathematical calculations. Relative Gain Array (RGA) calculation justified the degree of relation and the best pairing for both interacted control loops. Genetic Algorithm (GA), as one of the most prestigious techniques, was used to analyze the best controller tunings based on factor parameters of iterations, populations and mutation rates to the applied First Order plus Dead Time (FOPDT) models in the multivariable loop. Amid simulation analysis, GA analysis’s reliability was justified by comparing its performance with the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) analysis. The research outcome was visualized by generating the process responses from the LOOP-PRO’s multi-tank function, whereby the GA tunings’ responses were compared with the conventional tuning methods. In conclusion, the result exhibits that the GA optimization analysis has successfully demonstrated the most satisfactory performance for both servo and regulatory controls

Newcomb-Benford law analysis on COVID-19 daily infection cases and deaths in Indonesia and Malaysia

Each country has been racing to contain the spread of COVID-19. The published data of daily infection and death cases can be used to measure the effectiveness of the control interventions. We focus our study in two Southeast Asia countries: Indonesia and Malaysia during period between March and November 2020. Newcomb-Benford law has been commonly used to analyze the probabilities of the first significant digits in natural occurrences since the late 19th century. It is a prominent statistical tool for its capability to detect frauds in datasets. A chi-squared test was recruited to quantify the closeness of the data and Newcomb-Benford law distributions. The results revealed that the distributions of daily infection and death cases in Indonesia followed Newcomb-Benford law while the opposite results were obtained for Malaysia. We have done the analysis of verifying the daily COVID-19 infection and death cases in Indonesia and Malaysia using Newcomb-Benford law. It can be inferred that, between March and November 2020, the control interventions in Indonesia was less effective compared to Malaysia. &nbsp

Genetic algorithm fine tuning of Support Vector Data Descriptor (SVDD) for classification of monocotyledon and dicotyledon weeds

Weed recognition using image processing has been performed and improved in various papers. In this paper, weed seedlings were discriminated using Support Vector Data Descriptor (SVDD) to identify monocotyledon weeds from mixture of monocotyledon and dicotyledon weeds. The feature selection and parameter fine tuning were performed using genetic Algorithm (GA). The resulting SVDD configurations were tested using 200 image samples. The best configurations gave an average of 95% recognition rate

Development of a self-sufficient Ad Hoc Sensor to Perform Electrical impedance tomography measurements from within imaged space

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is an ill-posed problem whereby there are insufficient measured data to solve for a large amount of unknowns (finite elements). Conventionally, EIT measurements are performed on the boundary of an object or a process vessel. This results in a lower spatial resolution in central regions far off the conventional periphery electrodes. This paper presents the development of a self-sufficient EIT sensor with an aim to obtain EIT measurements from any locality within the object or the process vessel. An ad hoc EIT sensor that performs the current injection and voltage measurement around two pairs of electrodes is developed. The sensor consists of a current source, voltage amplifier, multiplexers, and microcontroller. Tests were conducted on a phantom tank. The sensor successfully performs localized voltage measurements from the interior of the imaged space with channel SNR average of 15dB

Circuit design and development of contactless sensor system for finger tracking in piano playing

Piano technique is one of the main part of piano playing. Some researches had attempted to unveil the technique of virtuoso pianists using technologies. These researches employ different types of sensors in order to capture motion data of piano playing. However, one area in this research had been under-represented, which is finger position and pressure measurement applied by the musician while playing the musical instrument. Research that embark on this area faced a common problem, the sensors used in these research are directly in contact with the pianist, which causes a change of piano playing experience. Since piano playing consists of very delicate interaction between the pianist and the piano, such change of experience may affect the pianist’s performance. These sensors are considered to be intrusive to the piano playing experience. Concluding the challenges faced by current technologies, a nonintrusive sensor is proposed and the circuit design of the sensor is discussed in this pape

Electroencephalography (EEG) Based Control in Assistive Mobile Robots: A Review

Recently, EEG based control in assistive robot usage has been gradually increasing in the area of biomedical field for giving quality and stress free life for disabled and elderly people. This study reviews the deployment of EGG based control in assistive robots, especially for those who in need and neurologically disabled. The main objective of this paper is to describe the methods used for (i) EEG data acquisition and signal preprocessing, (ii) feature extraction and (iii) signal classification methods. Besides that, this study presents the specific research challenges in the designing of these control systems and future research directions

A Hybrid SVD-Based Image Watermarking Scheme Utilizing Both U and V Orthogonal Vectors for Robustness and Imperceptibility

SVD-based watermarking algorithm is one of the most preferable algorithms for copyright protection due to its singular values (SVs) that have outstanding stability and represents intrinsic algebraic image properties. Hence, there is a good trade-off between robustness and imperceptibility. However, most SVD-based algorithms have been tested against conventional attacks, such as image manipulations, that do not fully exploit adversary’s knowledge. These algorithms are vulnerable to false-positive problem, where an adversary’s watermark can be detected in the watermarked image although it was never inserted. The underlying problem is due to the strong influence of $U$ and $V$ orthogonal vectors of SVD on an image. In order to solve false-positive problem, $UV$ can be used to embed the watermark together with SVs. However, this solution is not ideal as $U$ and $V$ hold important structural information of an image and is hypersensitivity to even a little change in $UV$ vectors. Therefore, this research has the objectives to analyse the robustness of existing SVD-based watermarking algorithms that are using orthogonal vectors and then propose a new robust algorithm that is able to solve false-positive problem and sensitivity issued caused by scaling factor. Hence, a new transform domain image watermarking scheme that utilized both $U$ and $V$ orthogonal vectors is proposed with the usage of Human Visual System (HVS), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and SVD. Experimental results showed that the proposed scheme is more robust against majority types of image processing and geometrical attacks compared to existing schemes while achieving good quality watermarked image level. The significance of new algorithm comes at the right time during the Covid-19 epidemic as organizations involving in business and financial services can be assured of the integrity of its downloadable/streamable/shareable digital files, which are copyrighted through the unique SVD and robustness features of the algorithm ensuring piracy prevention of their content